Sporti ishte nj\u00eb praktik\u00eb e p\u00ebrditshme n\u00eb Kampet naziste t\u00eb p\u00ebrqendrimit. P\u00ebrve\u00e7 ushtrimeve fizike, edhe ndeshjet e futbollit dhe t\u00eb boksit sh\u00ebrbenin p\u00ebr t\u00eb torturuar t\u00eb burgosurit.<\/p>\n
A kishte n\u00eb t\u00eb v\u00ebrtet\u00eb aktivitete t\u00eb rregullta sportive n\u00eb Kampet e p\u00ebrqendrimit?<\/strong><\/p>\n Kampet naziste\u00a0t\u00eb p\u00ebrqendrimit ishin vende t\u00eb tmerrit dhe vdekjes, vende torturash dhe posht\u00ebrimi t\u00eb t\u00eb burgosurve. P\u00ebr k\u00ebt\u00eb q\u00ebllim personeli i siguris\u00eb p\u00ebrdorte rregullisht edhe ushtrimet sportive.<\/p>\n “Gardian\u00ebt i urdh\u00ebronin t\u00eb internuarit dhe t\u00eb burgosurit t\u00eb b\u00ebnin k\u00ebrcime ose t\u00eb vraponin, derisa ata rr\u00ebzoheshin nga lodhja.\u201d – thot\u00eb historiania Veronika Springmann, n\u00eb nj\u00eb intervist\u00eb p\u00ebr DW. Ajo \u00ebsht\u00eb autore e librit “Gunst und Gewalt – Sport in nationalsozialistischen Konzentrationslagern” “Favor dhe dhun\u00eb – Sporti n\u00eb Kampet e p\u00ebrqendrimit t\u00eb nacionalsocialist\u00ebve\u201d. Ata, t\u00eb cil\u00ebt kishin r\u00ebn\u00eb n\u00eb tok\u00eb, zakonisht goditeshin me shkelma dhe ofendoheshin nga rojet. “Kjo p\u00ebrs\u00ebritej \u00e7do dit\u00eb. Ishte n\u00eb fakt si nj\u00eb ritual i p\u00ebrditsh\u00ebm.”<\/p>\n Krahas k\u00ebtij sporti t\u00eb detyruar me dhun\u00eb kishte edhe aktivitete sportive, q\u00eb disa nga t\u00eb burgosurit i kryenin pak a shum\u00eb n\u00eb m\u00ebnyr\u00eb t\u00eb pavarur.<\/p>\n Cil\u00ebt t\u00eb burgosur merrnin pjes\u00eb n\u00eb aktivitete sportive t\u00eb pavarura?<\/strong><\/p>\n Shumica e t\u00eb burgosurve p\u00ebr shkak t\u00eb kushteve \u00e7njer\u00ebzore n\u00eb Kamp, pun\u00ebs s\u00eb r\u00ebnd\u00eb t\u00eb detyruar ose t\u00eb qenit viktima t\u00eb eksperimenteve mjek\u00ebsore nuk b\u00ebnin dot sport si aktivitet n\u00eb koh\u00ebn e lir\u00eb. Dhe, pastaj jeta e p\u00ebrditshme n\u00eb Kamp nuk ofronte hap\u00ebsir\u00eb \u200b\u200bp\u00ebr t\u00eb. T\u00eb burgosurit ishin n\u00eb p\u00ebrgjith\u00ebsi t\u00eb kequshqyer. P\u00ebr shkak t\u00eb kushteve t\u00eb k\u00ebqija higjienike vuanin shpesh nga pleshtat, morrat dhe zgjebja ose nga s\u00ebmundje m\u00eb t\u00eb r\u00ebnda si tuberkulozi ose tifoja.<\/p>\n Sistemi n\u00eb Kampe ishte i organizuar n\u00eb m\u00ebnyr\u00eb hierarkike. T\u00eb burgosurit ndaheshin n\u00eb grupe t\u00eb ndryshme. P\u00ebrkat\u00ebsia n\u00eb nj\u00eb grup t\u00eb caktuar vendoste n\u00eb nj\u00eb mas\u00eb t\u00eb madhe edhe p\u00ebr kushtet e burgut dhe k\u00ebshtu edhe p\u00ebr shanset p\u00ebr t\u00eb mbijetuar. T\u00eb burgosurit politik\u00eb ose kriminel\u00ebt profesionist\u00eb kishin zakonisht kushte m\u00eb t\u00eb mira se p\u00ebr shembull t\u00eb burgosurit hebrenj, homoseksual\u00ebt apo t\u00eb ashtuquajturit “asocial\u00eb”.<\/p>\n P\u00ebrkat\u00ebsia dukej q\u00eb n\u00eb v\u00ebshtrimin e par\u00eb, p\u00ebrmes shenj\u00ebs me nj\u00eb cop\u00eb trek\u00ebnd\u00ebshe stofi t\u00eb ngjyrosur n\u00eb veshje. Ata q\u00eb ishin m\u00eb lart n\u00eb hierarki terrorizoheshin m\u00eb pak nga rojet, merrnin nj\u00eb pun\u00eb m\u00eb t\u00eb mir\u00eb, strehim m\u00eb t\u00eb mir\u00eb, veshje m\u00eb t\u00eb ngrohta, akses n\u00eb m\u00eb shum\u00eb ushqim, k\u00ebshtu q\u00eb ishin n\u00eb gjendje m\u00eb t\u00eb mir\u00eb fizike dhe t\u00eb aft\u00eb p\u00ebr t\u00eb b\u00ebr\u00eb sport. Por, n\u00eb p\u00ebrgjith\u00ebsi p\u00ebrqindja e t\u00eb burgosurve, t\u00eb cil\u00ebt b\u00ebnin pjes\u00eb k\u00ebtu, ishte e vog\u00ebl.<\/p>\n Te t\u00eb internuarit m\u00eb t\u00eb favorizuar b\u00ebnin pjes\u00eb edhe t\u00eb ashtuquajturit t\u00eb burgosur funksionar\u00eb. Ata caktoheshin nga rojet p\u00ebr t\u00eb mbik\u00ebqyrur t\u00eb burgosurit e tjer\u00eb dhe p\u00ebr t\u00eb mbajtur rregull. Shum\u00eb prej tyre n\u00eb rolin e tyre t\u00eb privilegjuar u b\u00ebn\u00eb keqb\u00ebr\u00ebs, por disa e shfryt\u00ebzuan at\u00eb edhe p\u00ebr t\u00eb mbrojtur t\u00eb burgosurit e tjer\u00eb.<\/p>\n Cilat sporte ushtroheshin n\u00eb Kampet e p\u00ebrqendrimit?<\/strong><\/p>\n Brenda mureve t\u00eb Kampit b\u00ebheshin rregullisht loj\u00ebra futbolli dhe ndeshje boksi. Nd\u00ebrsa, Lufta e Dyt\u00eb Bot\u00ebrore zgjaste, numri i loj\u00ebrave t\u00eb futbollit u rrit, sepse kushtet e internimit ndryshuan p\u00ebr disa t\u00eb burgosur pas vitit 1942.<\/p>\n “Puna e t\u00eb burgosurve n\u00eb Kampet e p\u00ebrqendrimit nevojitej p\u00ebr industrin\u00eb e armatimeve.\u201d – shpjegon Springmann. “T\u00eb gjitha firmat e armatimeve e b\u00ebnin prodhimin n\u00eb Kampe p\u00ebrqendrimi ose n\u00eb Kampe t\u00eb jashtme. Aty pastaj ofroheshin edhe stimuj dhe oferta. T\u00eb burgosurit, t\u00eb cil\u00ebt punonin ve\u00e7an\u00ebrisht mir\u00eb ose ishin t\u00eb pun\u00ebsuar si funksionar\u00eb burgu, lejoheshin t\u00eb organizonin loj\u00ebra futbolli.”<\/p>\n Ekipet p\u00ebrcaktoheshin n\u00eb shumic\u00ebn e rasteve sipas kombeve, por zakonisht kishin m\u00eb pak se nj\u00ebmb\u00ebdhjet\u00eb lojtar\u00eb. Madje t\u00eb burgosurit u p\u00ebrpoq\u00ebn t\u00eb organizonin edhe fanella futbolli p\u00ebr k\u00ebto loj\u00ebra. N\u00eb Kampin e p\u00ebrqendrimit Dachau pran\u00eb Mynihut \u00ebsht\u00eb ruajtur nj\u00eb kup\u00eb druri, q\u00eb \u00ebsht\u00eb ekspozuar n\u00eb Memorialin e Kampit t\u00eb p\u00ebrqendrimit ater. P\u00ebr t\u00eb burgosurit organizimi i loj\u00ebrave kishte t\u00eb b\u00ebnte edhe me shpres\u00ebn. “Planifikimi gjithmon\u00eb drejtohet n\u00eb t\u00eb ardhmen. Kjo do t\u00eb thot\u00eb q\u00eb un\u00eb shpresoj, se do t\u00eb jem ende gjall\u00eb nes\u00ebr, pasnes\u00ebr, t\u00eb diel\u00ebn tjet\u00ebr.” – thot\u00eb historiania e sportit Springmann. “Kjo jep forc\u00eb dhe shpres\u00eb. Dhe, shpresa \u00ebsht\u00eb nj\u00eb burim i r\u00ebnd\u00ebsish\u00ebm mbijetese.”<\/p>\n Megjithat\u00eb nuk duhet harruar kurr\u00eb, se vet\u00ebm nj\u00eb pjes\u00eb shum\u00eb e vog\u00ebl e t\u00eb burgosurve ishin n\u00eb gjendje ose lejoheshin t\u00eb merrnin pjes\u00eb n\u00eb loj\u00ebra. P\u00ebrve\u00e7 k\u00ebsaj ato zhvilloheshin n\u00eb nj\u00eb mjedis, ku n\u00eb t\u00eb nj\u00ebjt\u00ebn koh\u00eb vazhdonin torturat, vrasja dhe vdekja.<\/p>\n A kishin sportist\u00ebt e famsh\u00ebm avantazhe n\u00eb Kampin e p\u00ebrqendrimit?<\/strong><\/p>\n Meqen\u00ebse sportist\u00ebt n\u00eb at\u00eb koh\u00eb nuk ishin aq t\u00eb pranish\u00ebm n\u00eb media sa jan\u00eb sot, rojet e Kampit t\u00eb p\u00ebrqendrimit shpesh nuk i njihnin ata si t\u00eb till\u00eb. Julius Hirsch ka qen\u00eb n\u00eb fillim t\u00eb shekullit XX nj\u00eb nga futbollist\u00ebt m\u00eb t\u00eb mir\u00eb n\u00eb Gjermani, dy her\u00eb kampion gjerman dhe n\u00eb mes viteve 1911 dhe 1913 lojtar i komb\u00ebtares.<\/p>\n Meqen\u00ebse ishte hebre, ai u d\u00ebrgua n\u00eb Aushvic n\u00eb mars 1943 dhe vdiq atje. Megjithat\u00eb nuk ka asnj\u00eb t\u00eb dh\u00ebn\u00eb, q\u00eb ai t\u00eb jet\u00eb identifikuar atje si nj\u00eb ish-yll futbolli apo t\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb luajtur futboll.<\/p>\n Boksi ishte nj\u00eb sport i r\u00ebnd\u00ebsish\u00ebm dhe popullor p\u00ebr nacionalsocialist\u00ebt. Dihet se disa boksier\u00eb jan\u00eb njohur n\u00eb Kamp ose dilnin p\u00ebrpara, kur rojet e Kampit t\u00eb p\u00ebrqendrimit k\u00ebrkonin n\u00eb mesin e t\u00eb burgosurve luft\u00ebtar\u00eb t\u00eb talentuar p\u00ebr ndeshjet e boksit, q\u00eb i organizonin p\u00ebr arg\u00ebtimin e tyre. K\u00ebshtu ndodhi p\u00ebr shembull me polakun Antoni Czortek dhe me tunizianin Victor Perez. Czortek boksoi n\u00eb Loj\u00ebrat Olimpike n\u00eb Berlin n\u00eb 1936. Perez ishte kampion i bot\u00ebs n\u00eb pesh\u00ebn fluturuese, nga viti 1931 deri n\u00eb vitin 1932.<\/p>\n T\u00eb dy erdh\u00ebn n\u00eb Aushvic n\u00eb vitin 1943 si t\u00eb burgosur hebrenj dhe iu desh t\u00eb merrnin pjes\u00eb vazhdimisht n\u00eb ndeshje boksi kund\u00ebr t\u00eb burgosurve t\u00eb tjer\u00eb. Ndonj\u00ebher\u00eb ishte v\u00ebrtet \u00e7\u00ebshtje jete a vdekjeje. Nd\u00ebrsa fituesi merrte nj\u00eb cop\u00eb buk\u00eb ose veshje si \u00e7mim, humb\u00ebsi q\u00ebllohej menj\u00ebher\u00eb ose d\u00ebrgohej n\u00eb dhom\u00ebn e gazit dhe vritej atje.<\/p>\n N\u00eb nj\u00eb m\u00ebnyr\u00eb makabre boksi i shp\u00ebtoi jet\u00ebn Czortekut, Perezit dhe disa t\u00eb tjer\u00ebve n\u00eb Kamp. Czortek vdiq n\u00eb vitin 2003 n\u00eb mosh\u00ebn 89-vje\u00e7are. Perez i mbijetoi Aushvicit, por jo Holokaustit. Ai u pushkatua n\u00eb janar 1945, n\u00eb nj\u00eb nga marshimet e vdekjes, n\u00eb t\u00eb cilat n\u00eb muajt e fundit t\u00eb luft\u00ebs t\u00eb burgosurit e Kampeve t\u00eb p\u00ebrqendrimit u d\u00ebrguan drejt Kampeve t\u00eb tjera nga Kampet pran\u00eb frontit, q\u00eb po afrohej.<\/p>\n Aft\u00ebsit\u00eb n\u00eb boks nuk i soll\u00ebn Johann “Rukeli” Trollmann asnj\u00eb avantazh n\u00eb Kampin e p\u00ebrqendrimit. Ish-kampioni gjerman i peshave t\u00eb mesme ishte sinti dhe i burgosur n\u00eb Kampin e p\u00ebrqendrimit Neuengamme pran\u00eb Hamburgut nga viti 1942. P\u00ebr shkak se e kaluara e tij duke qen\u00eb boksier i shquar njihej, ai u rrah shum\u00eb shpesh dhe mizorisht nga rojet.<\/p>\n Trollmann vdiq n\u00eb N\u00ebnkampin e Kampit t\u00eb p\u00ebrqendrimit Wittenberge, m\u00eb 1944. Pasi iu desh t\u00eb boksonte kund\u00ebr nj\u00ebrit prej gardian\u00ebve (Kapo) dhe e mundi at\u00eb, ai u vra pak m\u00eb von\u00eb nga pas shpine nga i nj\u00ebjti Kapo, nd\u00ebrsa ishte duke punuar.\/DW<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":" Sporti ishte nj\u00eb praktik\u00eb e p\u00ebrditshme n\u00eb Kampet naziste t\u00eb p\u00ebrqendrimit. P\u00ebrve\u00e7 ushtrimeve fizike, edhe ndeshjet e futbollit dhe t\u00eb boksit sh\u00ebrbenin p\u00ebr t\u00eb torturuar t\u00eb burgosurit. A kishte n\u00eb t\u00eb v\u00ebrtet\u00eb aktivitete t\u00eb rregullta sportive n\u00eb Kampet e p\u00ebrqendrimit? Kampet naziste\u00a0t\u00eb p\u00ebrqendrimit ishin vende t\u00eb tmerrit dhe vdekjes, vende torturash dhe posht\u00ebrimi t\u00eb t\u00eb […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":6,"featured_media":2242556,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[29,11],"tags":[2451,2474,2475],"class_list":["post-3209025","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-bote","category-lajm","tag-holokausti","tag-kampet-e-perqendrimit","tag-sporti"],"lang":"sq","translations":{"sq":3209025},"pll_sync_post":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.drakonispahiu.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3209025","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.drakonispahiu.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.drakonispahiu.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.drakonispahiu.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/6"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.drakonispahiu.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=3209025"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.drakonispahiu.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3209025\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.drakonispahiu.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.drakonispahiu.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=3209025"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.drakonispahiu.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=3209025"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.drakonispahiu.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=3209025"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}